Move‑Abroad Prep Checklist Printable
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Overview
Many veterans choose to live abroad for family, cost of living, or lifestyle. VA benefits still apply in many cases, but not all benefits transfer equally. The biggest differences are in health care (abroad via the Foreign Medical Program for service‑connected conditions) and home loans (limited to the U.S. and territories).
Disability Compensation
Payable worldwide Tax‑free USD direct deposit
How it works
Compensation continues overseas in U.S. dollars, deposited to a U.S. or many foreign banks. Keep your mailing address and contact info current; respond to any “life certification” mailers to avoid suspension.
Pros
- Full benefit amount continues abroad (no reduction).
- Tax‑free and stable U.S.‑based payments.
- Freedom to reside long‑term in another country.
Cons
- Must keep address/banking current and reply to VA requests.
- Local in‑person VA assistance is limited.
- Currency conversion or local banking fees may apply.
DIC for Survivors
Payable worldwide For eligible survivors
What to know
Survivors can receive DIC while living abroad. The VA may require periodic verification of life and marital status. Promptly report address changes or life events to avoid interruptions.
Pros
- Reliable support for survivors worldwide.
- Paid in U.S. dollars with direct deposit options.
Cons
- Processing updates from overseas can take longer.
- Documentation translations/notarizations may be needed.
Education (GI Bill)
Foreign School Approval required Payments vary
Eligibility & process
You can use the Post‑9/11 GI Bill at many approved foreign institutions. Confirm the school is on the VA’s approved list. Housing stipends abroad may differ from U.S. rates; exchange rates can affect net value.
Pros
- Access to accredited international programs.
- Combine education with overseas experience.
Cons
- Limited to VA‑approved schools abroad.
- Stipends may be lower than U.S. amounts; exchange rates matter.
VA Home Loan
U.S. & territories only
Not available for foreign properties. You can still purchase/refinance in the U.S. or territories while residing abroad, but VA loans don’t apply to homes outside those areas.
VA Life Insurance
Worldwide coverage Keep premiums current
Programs like SGLI/VGLI remain valid globally. Ensure premiums are paid on time. Claims can be handled internationally, though mail times or bank processing may add delay.
Health Care Abroad & FMP
Covers service‑connected conditions Reimbursement model
How FMP works
- Enroll with the VA’s Foreign Medical Program.
- Seek care locally and pay the provider.
- Submit itemized bills/records for reimbursement (USD).
Contact: Foreign Medical Program (FMP), P.O. Box 469061, Denver, CO 80246‑9061 • Email: VAFMP@va.gov
Pros
- Covers service‑connected conditions and related care.
- Freedom to choose local providers.
- Reimbursements made in U.S. dollars.
Cons
- You usually pay upfront and wait for reimbursement.
- No coverage for non‑service‑connected emergencies.
- Documentation standards may be unfamiliar to some providers.
VA Pension (A&A/Housebound)
Payable overseas Means‑tested
What to expect
Income‑based VA Pension (and add‑ons like Aid & Attendance) can be paid abroad if you remain eligible. Expect periodic income, residency, and medical‑need verification. Translations or notarizations may be required for foreign documents.
Pros
- Continues abroad with proper verification.
- Lower cost‑of‑living countries can stretch income further.
Cons
- Strict reporting; missing forms can stop payments.
- Exchange rates and bank fees may reduce value.
Social Security & VA Together Abroad
You can receive VA benefits and Social Security at the same time outside the U.S. Most countries permit Social Security payments; verify your destination on the SSA “Payments Abroad” list.
- Pros: Stable combined income; both paid in USD.
- Cons: Some countries excluded; local tax rules can apply.
Citizenship, Residency & Taxes
- Living abroad does not affect U.S. citizenship or VA eligibility.
- VA disability is non‑taxable; other income may be taxable in the U.S. and/or your country.
- Know FEIE/FTC basics and reporting like FBAR/FATCA; consider a cross‑border tax pro.
- Keep your address and contact info current with the VA to avoid payment holds.
Claims Abroad & C&P Exams
- File new claims, increases, supplemental claims, and dependency updates while abroad.
- C&P exams may be scheduled with overseas providers or via embassy/contract networks; timelines can be longer.
- Bring translated medical evidence with clinician credentials and contact info.
- Telehealth exams sometimes used for limited conditions; local rules and bandwidth apply.
TRICARE / CHAMPVA / FEHB Notes
- TRICARE Overseas: For eligible retirees/dependents; separate from VA care. Network availability and cost‑shares vary.
- CHAMPVA: Eligible spouses/dependents of certain disabled veterans can use it abroad (reimbursement rules apply).
- FEHB: Many plans provide worldwide coverage; confirm out‑of‑area rules and claims processes.
- Consider combining one of the above with FMP to fill non‑service‑connected gaps.
Banking & Foreign Exchange
- Maintain at least one U.S. account for VA/SSA deposits; add a secondary account/card as backup.
- Understand SWIFT/IBAN requirements for foreign banks; expect compliance checks.
- Use low‑fee currency conversion methods; avoid repeated small conversions.
- Time larger conversions when rates are favorable; maintain a small USD cushion.
Visas & Residency
- Long‑stay visas vary by country; expect income/insurance proofs and background checks.
- Track renewals; overstays can trigger fines or bans.
- Some countries require local registration or police checks after arrival.
- Retiree or “non‑lucrative” visas often require proof of health insurance and steady income.
Mail, Notary & Documents
- Set a trusted U.S. mailing address (family/PO box/virtual) for notices.
- U.S. embassies/consulates typically offer notarial services for a fee; book early.
- Foreign civil documents may require certified translations and apostilles.
- Keep multiple copies (paper + digital) of critical records; store a sealed set with a trusted contact.
Telehealth & Digital Access
- Some countries limit access to U.S. portals; a reputable VPN can help where lawful.
- Enable MFA and test authentication methods before moving; keep backup codes.
- Video visits depend on bandwidth; have a fallback (phone/email summaries).
Families & Schooling
- Confirm accreditation/acceptance of credits or diplomas for children relocating mid‑stream.
- Plan for special‑needs services availability and language support.
- Budget for uniforms, fees, transportation that may not exist in the U.S. system.
Top 5 Countries for Veterans Abroad Color‑coded comparison
| Country | Cost of Living | Healthcare Quality | Safety & Stability | Internet & Infrastructure | Visa Ease |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thailand 🇹🇭 | Low | Strong private | Generally stable | Good major cities | Moderate |
| Philippines 🇵🇭 | Low | Varies by city | Mixed | Developing | Friendly paths |
| Portugal 🇵🇹 | Moderate | Strong | Very stable | Strong | Moderate |
| Mexico 🇲🇽 | Low‑Moderate | Strong in hubs | Region‑dependent | Strong in hubs | Multiple options |
| Costa Rica 🇨🇷 | Moderate | Good private | Stable | Good | Moderate |
Country Notes
Thailand 🇹🇭 — why veterans choose it
- Why: Low living costs, welcoming expat culture, excellent private hospitals in major cities.
- Healthcare/VA: English-friendly private hospitals; use FMP for service‑connected reimbursements.
- Visa: Multiple paths (retirement/education/business); proof of funds and insurance often required.
- Cautions: Climate; language barrier outside cities; visa rules can change.
Philippines 🇵🇭 — VA presence & community
- Why: Strong veteran community, low cost, English widely spoken.
- Healthcare/VA: Access to VA Manila Regional Office; quality varies by city—prefer top private hospitals.
- Visa: Retirement and long‑stay paths are accessible.
- Cautions: Weather/typhoons; infrastructure varies by region.
Portugal 🇵🇹 — safe & EU access
- Why: High safety, mild climate, strong healthcare, growing expat networks.
- Healthcare/VA: Good public/private care; FMP reimbursement for service‑connected conditions.
- Visa: Residence visas available; documentation and income thresholds apply.
- Cautions: Costs rising in Lisbon/Porto; bureaucracy can be slow.
Mexico 🇲🇽 — close to the U.S.
- Why: Proximity to U.S., affordable living, excellent care in major hubs.
- Healthcare/VA: Private hospitals common in cities; FMP for service‑connected reimbursements.
- Visa: Temporary/Permanent resident options; income/asset proofs required.
- Cautions: Regional safety differences; choose neighborhoods wisely.
Costa Rica 🇨🇷 — stable & nature‑rich
- Why: Stable democracy, eco‑friendly, strong expat services.
- Healthcare/VA: Good private system; consider supplemental insurance for non‑service care.
- Visa: Pensionado/Rentista paths; proof of income and insurance typical.
- Cautions: Costs higher than neighbors; import taxes on goods/vehicles.
Risks & Dangers
Living abroad with VA benefits can work well — but there are pitfalls. Use this checklist to plan ahead and avoid interruptions or unexpected costs.
Benefit Interruption
- Missing “life certification” or address/banking updates can pause payments.
- Mail delays abroad increase the risk of missed deadlines — use online accounts where possible.
Health Coverage Gaps
- FMP reimburses service‑connected conditions only; emergencies for other issues are out‑of‑pocket.
- Up‑front payment required; keep an emergency reserve or credit line.
Residency & Visa Issues
- Overstaying visas or failing residency rules can lead to fines or removal.
- Some countries require proof of income or health insurance for long‑stay visas.
Currency & Banking
- Exchange‑rate swings can reduce purchasing power.
- Foreign bank restrictions or account closures can disrupt access.
Scams & Fraud
- Fake landlords, medical overbilling, phishing schemes.
- Use trusted providers, written estimates, and secure communication channels.
Documentation & Translation
- Medical and civil records may need certified translation or apostille.
- Missing documentation delays FMP reimbursements or pension verifications.
Tax & Treaty Surprises
- U.S. filing is still required; local taxes may also apply depending on residency.
- Incorrect treaty assumptions can trigger penalties — consult an international tax pro.
Social Security Country Limits
- SSA won’t pay certain benefits in a small number of countries; check the list before moving.
- Payment routing through third countries can be complex and risky.
Emergency & Security
- Political instability, natural disasters, or crime may disrupt services.
- Have evacuation insurance and register with STEP through the U.S. State Department.
Healthcare Quality & Standards
- Provider quality varies; some may not understand VA paperwork.
- Pre‑identify reputable clinics and keep a doctor’s letter summarizing your conditions.
Dependents & Schooling
- Education costs and accreditation differ; GI Bill abroad requires VA‑approved schools.
- Special‑needs services can be limited or costly.
Digital Access & Security
- Weak local internet or censorship can block VA/SSA logins.
- Use a reputable VPN, MFA, and secure backups for documents.
Pros & Cons Summary
| Category | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Disability Compensation | Full, tax‑free payment anywhere | Must maintain address; limited in‑person help |
| DIC | Continues globally to survivors | Verification and processing delays |
| GI Bill | Study at approved foreign schools | Approval limits; stipend/exchange‑rate issues |
| VA Home Loan | U.S./territories purchases while abroad | Not usable for foreign homes |
| VA Life Insurance | Global coverage with paid premiums | Mail/banking delays, currency conversions |
| Health Care (FMP) | Covers service‑connected care; USD reimbursement | Pay upfront; no non‑service emergency coverage |
| VA Pension | Payable abroad with verification | Income reporting; exchange‑rate/fee drag |
| Social Security + VA | Dual payments abroad are possible | Country restrictions; local taxes |
| Citizenship/Taxes | Keep citizenship and VA eligibility | Annual U.S. tax filing; possible foreign tax |
| Medical Access | Affordable options in some countries | No VA coverage for non‑service conditions abroad |
| Risks & Dangers | Plan ahead to mitigate most issues | Interruption, gaps, fraud, legal/visa, currency, emergency risks |
Big FAQ
Can I still file a claim while living abroad?
Yes. You can file new claims, increases, supplemental claims, and dependency updates from overseas. Keep your contact info current for exam scheduling and evidence requests.
How do I get medical care for non‑service‑connected issues?
Consider private international health insurance, TRICARE Overseas (if eligible), CHAMPVA/FEHB, or national systems in your country. FMP only reimburses service‑connected care.
Can the VA pay into a foreign bank?
Often yes, depending on the country and banking system. A U.S. account is recommended as a backup in case of local disruptions.
What about taxes?
VA disability is not taxable. Other income may be. U.S. filing generally continues; you may also have foreign obligations. Ask a cross‑border tax professional about FEIE, FTC, FBAR, and FATCA.
Will I lose my VA benefits by moving?
No. Eligibility is based on service and ratings, not location, but some programs have location limits (e.g., VA home loans).
How do C&P exams work abroad?
VA may schedule with local providers or via contract/embassy networks; expect longer timelines. Provide translated records and be responsive.
Can I use the GI Bill abroad?
Yes, at VA‑approved foreign schools. Confirm approval and understand housing stipend differences and exchange‑rate effects.
Does Social Security pay everywhere?
No. SSA restricts payments in a small number of countries and certain situations. Check SSA’s Payments Abroad information for the latest.
Glossary
- FMP: Foreign Medical Program — reimburses care for service‑connected conditions outside the U.S.
- C&P Exam: Compensation & Pension exam used to evaluate disability claims.
- FEIE: Foreign Earned Income Exclusion — U.S. tax provision for foreign earned income (not VA disability).
- FBAR/FATCA: U.S. foreign account reporting requirements.
- STEP: Smart Traveler Enrollment Program — U.S. State Dept alerts.
One‑Page Summary Card
Use VA Abroad: Compensation/DIC/Pension continue; health care via FMP for service‑connected conditions only. VA Home Loan not for foreign homes. GI Bill at approved foreign schools. SSA + VA often both payable (check SSA rules).
Top Risks: payment interruptions (address/life cert), non‑service medical gaps, visa issues, currency swings, scams, documentation delays.
Quick Prep: enroll FMP, set direct deposit + backup bank, enable MFA, scan records, buy intl health + evac cover, plan prescriptions, verify SSA country rules, secure visa/residency, register with STEP.
Contacts & Resources
- Foreign Medical Program (FMP) — Email: VAFMP@va.gov • Mail: P.O. Box 469061, Denver, CO 80246‑9061
- VA Manila Regional Office — benefits.va.gov/manila
- Social Security Payments Abroad — ssa.gov/international
- VA.gov — va.gov
Key Takeaways
- Most VA benefits are usable abroad, but health care is via FMP for service‑connected conditions.
- VA home loans don’t work for foreign properties.
- Keep your address, banking, and documentation current to avoid interruptions.
- Consider supplemental insurance and research local providers before moving.